Fire causes and Countermeasures of the hottest oil

Fire causes and Countermeasures of oil ships

oil ships (also known as oil tankers) have the characteristics of more oil tanks, more oil pipelines and more water pipelines, and different pipelines are generally intertwined. In the event of a fire on an oil tanker, not only the smoke in the cabin is large, the visibility is low, the temperature is high, and toxic gases are produced, which makes it difficult for people to escape, but also the combustion and explosion speed are very fast. The fire will run up and down, develop vertically and horizontally, and form a three-dimensional fire, often causing ship destruction and human death

secondly, the heat conduction of hull steel of oil ships is also relatively fast, with strong radiant heat. After a fire, the oil in adjacent oil tanks can be heated and vaporized, resulting in continuous explosion. After the explosion of oil carrying ships, it will not only cause the oil to overflow to the water surface and cause large-scale combustion on the water surface, but also bring serious pollution to the water area

according to the analysis of previous accidents, oil ships have fire and explosion, empty tanks are more than full tanks, and crude oil is more than gasoline. This is because the stability of the ship is poor when the tanker is sailing empty or ballast, which is not as stable as when it is loaded with oil. Empty tanks or so-called "ballast" empty tanks filled with some water are not really "empty", because there are some residual oil and a large amount of oil and gas in the tanks, and when these oil and gas are mixed with air to a certain proportion, they can form an explosive mixture, and a strong explosion will occur when encountering an open fire

in addition, during the combustion process of ships transporting heavy oil products, the flame will rise and fall from time to time. This is because there are different fractions of heavy oil and light oil. When the light components on the surface of heavy oil evaporate and burn rapidly, the flame will show a "rising" state; When the light components on the surface of heavy oil products are burned, and the light components on the lower layer have not yet evaporated, they enter a "Crouching" state, which is easy to make firefighters misjudge. If the oil tank is filled with heavy oil with more water, sometimes the boiling or splashing of heavy oil will occur in case of explosion and combustion, resulting in the expansion and spread of the fire and threatening personal safety

causes of fire on oil ships

cited 4 The causes of the fire of the oil ship when the sample is placed behind the experimental machine are generally concentrated in the aspects of reef striking, collision, overturning, using open fire, electromechanical short circuit, static electricity, welding, etc

on May 5, 1982, when the "Daqing 53" oil tanker belonging to Shanghai Maritime Transport Bureau sailed from Shanghai to Qinhuangdao and arrived at 35 nautical miles southeast of Shidao Port in Rongcheng County, Shandong Province without load, two explosion fires were caused due to illegal welding, the tanker sank, 20 people were killed (including missing), and the direct economic loss was 12.8 million yuan

"Daqing 53" tanker has a displacement of 21020 tons, a deadweight of 15756 tons, a total length of 163.4m, a width of 26.6m, and a total of 19 cargo and oil tanks. The tanker laid a sewage pipe with an inner diameter of 80mm and a full length of 80m (66m laid horizontally on the deck and 14m laid vertically to the engine room) in order to pour the sewage from the engine room into the cargo tanker for ballast and balance when it is unloaded (the sewage is transported to the wharf to judge and analyze the product failure and failure mode during or after the experiment). Because the sewage pipe and steam flushing pipe lubricate the bearing; The rusted bearing connection was replaced with water leakage, and the stop valve was not closed during repair and welding. The welding arc up to 2000 ℃ during welding repair ignited the crude oil vapor in the pipe, which quickly burned to the middle 5 tank through this pipe, causing the crude oil vapor explosion in the tank. After the explosion of the middle 5 tank, a fire was ignited, accelerating the evaporation of crude oil vapor in other cargo and oil tanks, so the second explosion occurred

on January 2, 1989, the "Yangtze 62008" pusher tanker fleet of Nanjing Yangtze River oil transportation company, affiliated to Yangtze River Shipping Corporation, towed three oil barges, driving in the channel about 150m upstream of Hongfu, daxingzhou No. 5, in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and suddenly hit an irregular and difficult to measure sandbag, causing the fleet to vibrate and break the cable, and the oil barges were scattered, causing the oil barges to dislocation each other, and an oil barge turned its head to the left, At an included angle of 20 °, it collided with another oil barge that continued to rush forward with the inertia of the fleet, exploded and caught fire. The fire burned for 154h, burning a total of 440 crude oil, innovating the future of materials "and other themes 0t. Two 2000t oil barges were burned, with a direct economic loss of 1.547 million yuan. Eight firefighters were killed in the fire

on May 30, 1997, the 24000 ton oil tanker "Daqing 243", 176m long and 25m wide, loaded with 19683t crude oil, set sail from Huangpu port in Guangzhou to Nanjing port. Because the tanker had a large load and anchored at the Qixia anchorage in Nanjing, Nanjing oil transportation company called three oil barges to help transport oil. When the oil tanker "Daqing 243" was unloading oil to the oil barge, the oil and gas explosion and combustion were caused by static electricity, and then spread to three 3000t oil barges, resulting in the leakage of nearly 10000 tons of crude oil, six people were killed and one person was seriously injured. The tanker "Daqing 243" overturned sideways, one 3500t oil barge sank, and one oil barge was seriously burned

in addition, in some small and self-employed oil ships, due to the operators' weak safety awareness, insufficient understanding of the fire risk of oil products, and lack of fire control knowledge, fire accidents often occur due to smoking or checking the oil level with open fire